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ISRO was the world's first space agency to find water on the moon. SLV-3 was followed by ASLV which was subsequently succeeded by development of many medium-lift launch vehicles, rocket engines, satellite systems and networks enabling agency to launch hundreds of domestic and foreign satellites and various deep space missions for space exploration. In 1980, ISRO launched satellite RS-1 onboard its own SLV-3 making India the sixth country to be capable of undertaking orbital launches. ISRO built India's first satellite, Aryabhata, which was launched by the Soviet Union on 19 April 1975. It since then has been managed by the DOS, which governs various other institutions in India in domain of astronomy and space technology. The establishment of ISRO thus institutionalised space research activities in India. In 1972, the Government of India had set up a Space Commission and the Department of Space (DOS), bringing ISRO under the DOS. INCOSPAR grew and became ISRO in 1969, within DAE.
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The Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR) was established by Jawaharlal Nehru under the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) in 1962, on the urging of scientist Vikram Sarabhai recognising the need in space research.
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It is one of six government space agencies in the world which possess full launch capabilities, deploy cryogenic engines, launch extra-terrestrial missions and operate large fleets of artificial satellites. ISRO is the primary agency in India to perform tasks related to space based applications, space exploration and development of related technologies. It operates under the Department of Space (DOS) which is directly overseen by the Prime Minister of India, while Chairman of ISRO acts as executive of DOS as well. The Indian Space Research Organisation ( ISRO / ˈ ɪ s r oʊ/) or ( IAST : Bhāratīya Antrikṣ Anusandhān Saṅgaṭhan) is the national space agency of India, headquartered in Bengaluru.